{"id":1611,"date":"2026-08-22T19:35:14","date_gmt":"2026-08-22T19:35:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/smartmovinghome.com\/?p=1611"},"modified":"2026-08-22T19:35:14","modified_gmt":"2026-08-22T19:35:14","slug":"states-claim-to-invest-in-humane-new-prisons-but-prisons-were-never-humane","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/smartmovinghome.com\/?p=1611","title":{"rendered":"States Claim to Invest in \u201cHumane\u201d New Prisons \u2014 But Prisons Were Never Humane"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<!-- begin partial\/series-card --><\/p>\n<section>\n<header>\n<h4>Part of the Series<\/h4>\n<\/header>\n<article>\n<h5>The Road to Abolition<\/h5>\n<\/article>\n<\/section>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p><i><span>Truthout is an indispensable resource for activists, movement leaders and workers everywhere. Please make this work possible with a <\/span><\/i><i><span>quick donation<\/span><\/i><i><span>.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p>Read more <a href=\"https:\/\/smartmovinghome.com\/?p=1609\">As a Palestinian From Gaza, I Can Study Abroad in Safety, But Never Visit Home<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>In 2027, the doors of the largest state-funded infrastructure project in Indiana\u2019s history will open. Already a winner of a \u201cgreen\u201d award for design sustainability, this public facility in the state\u2019s northeastern corner includes 18,000 square feet of classroom space.<\/p>\n<p>But this is not a community center or a free public college \u2014 it is the new 4,200-bed Northwest Indiana Correctional Facility for men.<\/p>\n<p>In the words of the Indiana Public Defender Council, \u201cpolicy choices, not crime rates\u201d led to this prison\u2019s construction, which promised to replace and consolidate the region\u2019s decaying prisons. Yet in 2025 the state announced one of these ancient prisons will now stay open to incarcerate people abducted in Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) raids.<\/p>\n<p>The push to replace or rebuild aging prisons is not confined to Republican-majority states. In neighboring Democratic Illinois, in 2024 the state debuted a plan to demolish Stateville and Logan prisons, due to their \u201ccomplete degradation\u201d and \u201cinoperability.\u201d By 2026, the state confirmed two \u201cfacilities\u201d with a combined capacity of 3,000 will be built on the footprint of Stateville. A state press release touts the plan\u2019s \u201crehabilitative and gender-responsive spaces with housing, education, programming, medical and mental health, dietary, and recreational areas to support the successful re-entry of individuals into their communities.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>New prison projects underway across the U.S. champion reforms that appear progressive: \u201ctrauma-informed\u201d (New Jersey); a \u201cwellness center\u201d (Pennsylvania); a \u201cmodel\u201d for rehabilitation (South Dakota). <\/p>\n<p>Prisons are aging. But in Illinois, where I live and teach the history of incarceration in my university classes, two realties are undeniable. <\/p>\n<p>With 12,000 empty beds, truth in sentencing laws that ensure people serve their full sentences, and no parole or mechanism for release for people serving time (except the Hail Mary of a clemency petition or compassionate release for dying people), Illinois cannot build its way out of the problem of aging prisoners and prisons.<\/p>\n<p>Any look at prison history reveals a pattern. From the penitentiary to today\u2019s eco-conscious rebuilds, each reform justifies and usually expands carceral budgets, logics, and footprints: <em>If they build it, they fill it<\/em>. Every generation argues their experts\u2019 reforms will ensure prisons are more therapeutic, safer, or scientific. But the end is always the same: \u201cmore prisons always lead to even more prisons,\u201d as the scholar and organizer Angela Davis  in a 1998 interview.<\/p>\n<p><h2>The Trap of \u201cProgressive\u201d Prison Reforms<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p>The very prisons that today\u2019s new construction projects aim to replace, with the promise to improve on their predecessors, were in their own time lauded as exemplars.<\/p>\n<p>At Oakdale Reformatory for Women\u2019s dedication ceremony on November 19, 1931, praise circulated freely: Illinois Gov. Louis Emmerson hailed the prison as \u201canother milestone in the work of prison building and penal administration.\u201d The director of prisons described Oakdale as a \u201ca living monument to the women of Illinois,\u201d while the <em>Chicago Daily Tribune<\/em> (now the <em>Chicago Tribune<\/em>) noted \u201cno drab prison garb,\u201d \u201cno musty odor,\u201d and heralded this \u201cmodern,\u201d \u201cscientific experiment in prison reform,\u201d initiated by \u201cIllinois club women.\u201d In 1936, a statewide prison inquiry committee lauded Oakdale as \u201cmodel prison\u201d; the total cost of this \u201csplendid and wonderful reformatory\u201d at that time was just over $1 million (approximately $24 million in 2026 dollars).<\/p>\n<p>Oakdale was built on the heels of the launch of \u201cthe world\u2019s most modern prison,\u201d as the press reported from Stateville Correctional Center\u2019s dedication ceremony in 1924: Illinois had finally embraced the best example of prison reform. Built in part with unpaid labor from prisoners, this \u201clast word in prisons\u201d cost $7 million (approximately $136 million in 2026 dollars).<\/p>\n<p>The shine faded fast at both Oakdale and Stateville. By 1939, media outlets questioned the cost of this \u201cluxury\u201d prison for women, highlighting the number of escapees from Oakdale. By 1953, prison officials were increasingly pressed to curtail their \u201clenient\u201d conditions and \u201cexcessive privileges.\u201d By 1959, overcrowding propelled prison leadership to demand more guards to ensure security. By 1973, the executive director of a prison watchdog organization, the John Howard Association, declared the prison, renamed Dwight in the 1970s, \u201cthe most severe and oppressive I have studied,\u201d and condemned abysmal conditions \u2014 including harsh discipline, starvation, rampant racism, and sexual harm \u2014 even noting how guards restricted incarcerated people\u2019s access to the toilet. When Dwight finally closed in 2013, those incarcerated transferred to the \u201ccrumbling\u201d Logan prison and were met with open hostility from guards. \u201cEvery bodily function that you can fathom was plastered across walls, across windows, across our mattresses,\u201d said Sandra Brown, who was incarcerated for years inside Dwight and then Logan, in an interview with <em>WTTW.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>In 2026, those incarcerated in Logan are surrounded by toxic water, black mold, extreme temperatures, and hostile staff.<\/p>\n<p>Read more <a href=\"https:\/\/smartmovinghome.com\/?p=1607\">Journalists Fired From Military Newspaper for Asserting Editorial Independence<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Far from unique, dismal conditions are the norm. Almost as soon as Stateville opened, people inside began organizing: In March 1931, 1,500 prisoners rose up against the conditions, particularly overcrowding; the confrontation ended with the death of two incarcerated people. In 1945, supported by the University of Chicago, Stateville began a 29-year experiment, infecting thousands of prisoners with malaria and administering experimental drugs; official archives report only one death. The 1960s and 1970s were marked by prisoner-organized uprisings against white supremacy, Islamophobia, toxic conditions, and brutal forms of retaliation from staff. Guards at the prison unionized by 1966, and one of their key demands included another reform, a \u201cspecial segregation facility for troublemakers\u201d: solitary confinement through the special housing unit, or SHU. <\/p>\n<p>In 2016, the signature of Stateville\u2019s scientific design, a panopticon built to philosopher Jeremy Bentham\u2019s specifications known as the cell block F House, finally closed. With \u201c,\u201d the John Howard Association reported that F House was \u201c.\u201d Yet without any renovations, F House reopened in 2020 to quarantine people with COVID-19. Official reports list the COVID deaths of 12 people at the prison, yet journalists and prisoners mark the count at least at 30. Notably \u2014 like most prisons before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic \u2014 Stateville was a breeding ground for drug-resistant tuberculosis, Legionella, HIV, pneumonia, and countless other pathogens.<\/p>\n<p>One death accelerated the end of this \u201cmodel prison\u201d after a century in operation. On June 19, 2024, Michael Broadway asphyxiated in the 100+ degree temperature inside his cell. The guards who finally arrived administered Narcan, assuming Broadway overdosed, but the heat had inflamed his chronic asthma. Eighteen years into his 75-year sentence, his neighbors and friends, witnesses to this execution, carried his body out when the stretcher that finally arrived was broken.<\/p>\n<p><h2>Resisting Carceral Infrastructures<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p>In words often attributed to Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., \u201cbudgets are moral documents,\u201d whether federal, state, or local. In Illinois and across the U.S., state prisons are generally funded through two streams: the operating budget, which pays the bills to run the state (including the department of corrections); and the capital budget, which is where the longer-term vision unfolds, or expenditures which exceed the annual operating budget. In most states, the capital budget, the plan for the infrastructure of tomorrow, is financed by bonds.<\/p>\n<p>A capital budget often feels like a done deal by design, but communities can challenge these appropriations, which legislators must reauthorize yearly. Prison build plans across the U.S. should propel everyone\u2019s scrutiny. What futures are we building? <\/p>\n<p>Yet beyond prison construction, lethal carceral infrastructures continue to expand: From 2002 to 2022, almost every state in the U.S. expanded or built new jails, at a total cost of more than $42 billion \u2014 a \u201cjail-building boom.\u201d By 2025, Wyoming was the only state without a large-scale police training center, known to activists as a \u201cCop City,\u201d to \u201cdevelop and share violent policing tactics\u201d for \u201curban warfare.\u201d In 2026, ICE spent billions trying to snap up warehouses across the U.S. to imprison migrants, and still promises $50,000 signing bonuses, and some student loan forgiveness, for new recruits.<\/p>\n<p>The glossy language of reform, generally accompanied by a vague promise of greater public safety, contributes to the normalization of these carceral infrastructures, often benignly referred to as \u201cfacilities.\u201d The framing is seductive: Only a grinch could oppose the new \u201cmodern and innovative\u201d Dane County, Wisconsin, jail that incorporates \u201ccolor theory,\u201d or the proposed $7 million \u201coasis\u201d waiting room at Cook County Jail in Chicago, where 18 incarcerated people died in 2023, despite a record low population. <\/p>\n<p>Yet increasingly, communities recognize the hollowness of these carceral reform initiatives. And we organize accordingly.<\/p>\n<p>Consider communities\u2019 resistances to the most recent wave of ICE raids even as the federal government attempts to promote the myth that ICE is scrubbing rapists, pedophiles, and traffickers from our streets. Across the U.S., everyday people have formed watch groups and brigades to actively push back on ICE and document the reality: A masked armed militia snatching up a 5-year-old boy; mothers who pick up their kids from school; Asian American fathers in their underwear. Our evidence and resistance are undeniable: This carceral infrastructure makes our communities deeply unsafe.<\/p>\n<p>From webinars sharing tactics from those on the front lines of fights against prison and jail building projects, to the circulation of bilingual toolkits like Community Justice Exchange\u2019s \u201cIf They Build It: Organizing Lessons &amp; Strategies Against Carceral Infrastructure<em>,<\/em>\u201dcommunities continue to mobilize and proliferate resources to challenge these projects and to demand that we fund the affirming public resources in our communities \u2014 new schools, child care and after school programs, mental health supports \u2014 that actually change people\u2019s lives and make us safer.<\/p>\n<p>Even when a campaign or an action to challenge one of these carceral projects does not result in success, we build power for the next campaign and grow our analysis and our communities. In 2017, in the wake of the world\u2019s largest wave of public school closures, young organizers in Chicago led a powerful campaign arguing that the $95 million earmarked for a new police training institution, a Cop Academy, would make everyone, particularly Black and Brown communities, more unsafe. While Chicago\u2019s version of Cop City was built, political education from this #NoCopAcademy movement pulled more than 85 organizations across Chicago to sign on and agree that contracting the power and scope of policing is a common, achievable, and critical community priority.<\/p>\n<p>From Illinois\u2019s No New Prisons and the Massachusetts Prison Moratorium to the wins to end ICE warehouses and to FLOCK Out,  grassroots campaigns across the country continue to challenge carceral infrastructure projects and respond, with a powerful affirmative, to the question posed by Angela Davis almost 25 years ago: <em>Are Prisons Obsolete<\/em><em>?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Read more <a href=\"https:\/\/smartmovinghome.com\/?p=1605\">Climate-Driven Droughts May Be Accelerating the Spread of Infectious Diseases<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The historical record shows that the glossy language of \u201creform\u201d contributes to the normalization of prisons and jails.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1610,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1611","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-interesting"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - 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